17.6—A complex ion is a central metal ion surrounded by ligands

Know that a complex ion is a central metal ion surrounded by ligands.

Use —a complex ion is a central metal ion surrounded by ligands to connect the rule to the data and decision in the question.

This matters because —a complex ion is a central metal ion surrounded by ligands determines what can be inferred or chosen; begin with the stated conditions and keep the conclusion tied to the evidence.

Example: apply —a complex ion is a central metal ion surrounded by ligands to one small, clearly defined case, show the key step or comparison, and explain the result in words.

Boundary: —A complex ion is a central metal ion surrounded by ligands is not a universal recommendation. Check the syllabus scope, assumptions, units and the limits of the evidence before generalising.