A school is conducting an experiment to see whether the distance that children can throw a ball increases in hot weather. On a cold day, all the children at the school were asked to throw a ball as far as possible. The distances thrown were measured and recorded. The median distance thrown by a random sample of 25 of the children was 22.0 m . The children were asked to throw the ball again on a hot day. The distances thrown by the same 25 children were measured and recorded and these distances, in m , are shown below.
The teacher claims that on average the distances thrown will be further when it is hot. Carry out a Wilcoxon signed-rank test, at the 5% significance level, to test whether the data supports the teacher's claim. [10]
H0: population medians are equal
H1: population median after > population median before Do not accept 'differences between population medians < 0 ' unless difference defined.
-2.2 & -16 & 0.7 & 6 & 1.3 & 10 & -0.5 & -4 & 2.3 & 17 Signed differences, allow at most 4 errors Attempt at ranks (ignore signs).
( W+=214 ) W−=111 Cao identified, or used, as test statistic.
Normal: mean =41n(n+1)=41×25×26[=162.5] Variance =241n(n+1)(2n+1)=241×25×26×51[=1381.25] z - value: 1381.25111.5−162.5 Allow missing or incorrect continuity correction. Their 111 must come from ranks.
-1.37 CAO
Tabular value is -1.645: ' -1.37 ' >-1.645, or 0.915<0.95 oe, accept H0, Consistent signs. Allow 'not significant'.
Insufficient evidence to support the teacher's claim
Insufficient evidence to suggest that the distances thrown are further when it is hot All correct. Correct conclusion in context, following correct work, level of uncertainty in language.