1. Motion, forces and energy

1.1 Physical quantities and measurement techniques

1.2 Motion

1.3 Mass and weight

1.4 Density

1.5.1 Effects of forces

1.5.2 Turning effect of forces

1.5.3 Centre of gravity

1.6 Momentum

1.7.1 Energy

1.7.2 Work

1.7.3 Energy resources

1.7.4 Power

1.8 Pressure

2. Thermal physics

2.1.1 States of matter

2.1.2 Particle model

2.1.3 Gases and the absolute scale of temperature

2.2.1 Thermal expansion of solids, liquids and gases

2.2.2 Specific heat capacity

2.2.3 Melting, boiling and evaporation

2.3.1 Conduction

2.3.2 Convection

2.3.3 Radiation

2.3.4 Consequences of thermal energy transfer

3. Waves

3.1 General properties of waves

3.2.1 Reflection of light

3.2.2 Refraction of light

3.2.3 Thin lenses

3.2.4 Dispersion of light

3.3 Electromagnetic spectrum

3.4 Sound

4. Electricity and magnetism

4.1 Simple phenomena of magnetism

4.2.1 Electric charge

4.2.2 Electric current

4.2.3 Electromotive force and potential difference

4.2.4 Resistance

4.2.5 Electrical energy and electrical power

4.3.1 Circuit diagrams and circuit components

4.3.2 Series and parallel circuits

4.3.3 Action and use of circuit components

4.4 Electrical safety

4.5.1 Electromagnetic induction

4.5.2 The a.c. generator

4.5.3 Magnetic effect of a current

4.5.4 Force on a current-carrying conductor

4.5.5 The d.c. motor

4.5.6 The transformer

5. Nuclear physics

5.1.1 The atom

5.1.2 The nucleus

5.2.1 Detection of radioactivity

5.2.2 The three types of nuclear emission

5.2.3 Radioactive decay

5.2.4 Half-life

5.2.5 Safety precautions

6. Space physics

6.1.1 The Earth

6.1.2 The Solar System

6.2.1 The Sun as a star

6.2.2 Stars

6.2.3 The Universe

IGCSE Physics 2.1.3 Gases and the absolute scale of temperature Question Bank

[Maximum number: 1]

Gas of volume $200 \mathrm{~cm}^{3}$ is trapped inside a container by a piston.
The piston is pushed to the right and the volume of the gas decreases to $100 \mathrm{~cm}^{3}$ .
The temperature of the gas remains constant.

Which row states the effect that this has on the kinetic energy of the gas particles and the force per unit area exerted by the particles colliding with the inside walls of the container?

kinetic energy

force per unit area

doubles

stays the same

doubles

stays the same

[Maximum number: 1]

Which graph shows the relationship between the pressure and volume of a fixed mass of gas at constant temperature?

[Maximum number: 1]

Which graph shows how the volume of a fixed mass of gas at constant temperature varies with its pressure?

[Maximum number: 1]

A fixed mass of air in a cylinder is compressed by a piston so that the volume of the air decreases at constant temperature.

How do the air particles now collide with the cylinder walls?

less often with a greater velocity

less often with the same velocity

more often with a greater velocity

more often with the same velocity

[Maximum number: 1]

What is the relationship between temperatures in kelvin ( T ) and temperatures in degrees Celsius $(\theta)$ ?

$\theta=T+273$

$\theta=T-273$

$\theta=T+373$

$\theta=T-373$

(a)

A gas bubble is released at the bottom of a lake.
Atmospheric pressure is $1.0 \times 10^{5} \mathrm{~Pa}$ . The density of water is $1000 \mathrm{~kg} / \mathrm{m}^{3}$ . The temperature of the water in the lake is constant.

[ 2 ]

(i)

The gas bubble rises to the surface. The volume of the gas bubble increases as it rises higher in the water.

Explain why the volume of the bubble increases.

[ 2 ]

(ii)

The volume of the gas bubble is $0.40 \mathrm{~cm}^{3}$ when it is 3.0 m below the surface of the lake. Calculate the volume of the gas bubble when it is 0.50 m below the surface of the lake.
volume =

[Maximum number: 3]

(a) A car has a weight of 13000 N . The car is supported by 4 tyres. The area of each tyre in contact with the road is $0.016 \mathrm{~m}^{2}$ .

(a)

A gas cylinder contains helium gas at a pressure of $2.0 \times 10^{6} \mathrm{~Pa}$ . A volume of $0.026 \mathrm{~m}^{3}$ of the compressed gas is released from the cylinder into balloons. Each balloon contains $0.015 \mathrm{~m}^{3}$ of helium at atmospheric pressure ( $1.0 \times 10^{5} \mathrm{~Pa}$ ). The temperature remains constant.

Calculate the maximum number of balloons that can be filled.

[ 3 ]

[Maximum number: 1]

The diagram shows a quantity of gas trapped in a cylinder. The piston is pushed in slowly and the gas is compressed. The temperature of the gas does not change.

Which graph shows the relationship between the pressure and the volume of the gas?

[Maximum number: 1]

The pressure of a fixed mass of gas in a cylinder is measured. The volume of the gas in the cylinder is slowly decreased. The temperature of the gas does not change.

Which graph shows how the pressure of the gas changes during this process?

[Maximum number: 1]

A fixed mass of gas is trapped in a container. The temperature of the gas is increased but the volume of the gas is kept constant.

How does this change affect the average kinetic energy of the molecules and the pressure on the walls of the container?

average

kinetic energy

pressure

increases

stays the same

increases

decreases

increases

0 selected

Question 10

Question 11

Question 11

Question 11

Question 11

Question 3

Question 3(a)

Question 3(a)(i)

Question 3(a)(ii)

Question 3

Question 3(b)

Question 12

Question 12

Question 12