1. States of matter

1.1 Solids, liquids and gases

1.2 Diffusion

2. Atoms, elements and compounds

2.1 Elements, compounds and mixtures

2.2 Atomic structure and the Periodic Table

2.3 Isotopes

2.4 Ions and ionic bonds

2.5 Simple molecules and covalent bonds

2.6 Giant covalent structures

2.7 Metallic bonding

3. Stoichiometry

3.1 Formulae

3.2 Relative masses of atoms and molecules

3.3 The mole and the Avogadro constant

4. Electrochemistry

4.1 Electrolysis

4.2 Hydrogen–oxygen fuel cells

5. Chemical energetics

5.1 Exothermic and endothermic reactions

6. Chemical reactions

6.1 Physical and chemical changes

6.2 Rate of reaction

6.3 Reversible reactions and equilibrium

6.4 Redox

7. Acids, bases and salts

7.1 The characteristic properties of acids and bases

7.2 Oxides

7.3 Preparation of salts

8. The Periodic Table

8.1 Arrangement of elements

8.2 Group I properties

8.3 Group VII properties

8.4 Transition elements

8.5 Noble gases

9. Metals

9.1 Properties of metals

9.2 Uses of metals

9.3 Alloys and their properties

9.4 Reactivity series

9.5 Corrosion of metals

9.6 Extraction of metals

10. Chemistry of the environment

10.1 Water

10.2 Fertilisers

10.3 Air quality and climate

11. Organic chemistry

11.1 Formulae, functional groups and terminology

11.2 Naming organic compounds

11.3 Fuels

11.4 Alkanes

11.5 Alkenes

11.6 Alcohols

11.7 Carboxylic acids

11.8 Polymers

12. Experimental techniques and chemical analysis

12.1 Experimental design

12.2 Acid–base titrations

12.3 Chromatography

12.4 Separation and purification

12.5 Identification of ions and gases

IGCSE Chemistry 3.1 Formulae Question Bank

[Maximum number: 2]

This question is about gases.

(a)

The following substances are gases at room temperature.

Identify, by letter:

[ 2 ]

(i)

two gases which exist as diatomic molecules [2]

[ 2 ]

[Maximum number: 1]

The symbols of the elements of Period 3 of the Periodic Table are shown.

Answer the following questions about these elements.
Each symbol may be used once, more than once or not at all.
Write the symbol of the element which:

(a)

is found in the ore zinc blende. [1]
[Total: 8]

Question 2 starts on the next page.

[ 1 ]

(a)

Five organic compounds have the following structures.
A
C
C
A
,

B
B

[ 1 ]

(i)

Which compound has the empirical formula $\mathrm{C}_{2} \mathrm{H}_{5}$ ?

[ 1 ]

[Maximum number: 1]

The electronic structures of some atoms and ions are shown.

(a)

Write the letters, A, B, C, D, E, F, G or H, of the electronic structures which show:

[ 1 ]

(i)

a pair of ions that could form a compound with the formula $\mathrm{XY}_{2}$ . and

[ 1 ]

(a)

The structures of five organic compounds, A, B, C, D and E, are shown.
Answer the questions that follow.
Each letter may be used once, more than once or not at all.
A

E
E

[ 1 ]

(i)

Give the letter of the compound that has the empirical formula $\mathrm{CH}_{2}$ .

[ 1 ]

[Maximum number: 2]

This question is about subatomic particles.

(a)

(i)

Write the formula of the compound formed from fluorine and magnesium.

[ 1 ]

(ii)

Write the formula of the compound formed from $\mathrm{Sr}^{2+}$ and $\mathrm{P}^{3-}$ .

[ 1 ]

[Maximum number: 1]

This question is about elements X, Y and Z.

(a)

An atom of element X is represented as ${ }_{16}^{34} \mathbf{X}$ .

[ 1 ]

(i)

Suggest the formula of the compound formed between aluminium and X.

[ 1 ]

[Maximum number: 2]

Element X can undergo the following physical changes.

(a)

Element X is a Group I metal. It burns in air to form an oxide $\mathbf{X}_{2} \mathrm{O}$ .

Write a chemical equation for this reaction.

[ 2 ]

[Maximum number: 1]

This question is about ions and ionic compounds.

(a)

Magnesium phosphate contains magnesium ions, $\mathrm{Mg}^{2+}$ , and phosphate ions, $\mathrm{PO}_{4}{ }^{3-}$ .

Deduce the formula of magnesium phosphate.

[ 1 ]

[Maximum number: 2]

Magnesium exists as three isotopes, ${ }_{12}^{24} \mathrm{Mg},{ }_{12}^{25} \mathrm{Mg}$ and ${ }_{12}^{26} \mathrm{Mg}$ .

(a)

All isotopes of magnesium react with dilute hydrochloric acid to make hydrogen and a salt.

[ 2 ]

(i)

Write a chemical equation for the reaction between magnesium and dilute hydrochloric acid.

[ 2 ]

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