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IGCSE Chemistry12.4 Separation and purificationQuestion Bank

12.4 Separation and purification

Question 1

[Maximum number: 2]

Give the name of the process that is used:

Question 1(a)

(a)

to obtain water from aqueous sodium chloride

[ 1 ]

Question 1(c)

(b)

to separate an insoluble solid from a liquid

[ 1 ]

Question 1

[Maximum number: 10]

Substances can be classified as elements, compounds or mixtures.

Question 1(b)

(a)

Mixtures can be separated by physical processes.

A sequence of physical processes can be used to separate common salt (sodium chloride) from a mixture containing sand and common salt only.

Give the order and the correct scientific term for the physical processes used to separate the common salt from the mixture.

1

2

3

The boiling points of four different alcohols, A, B, C and D, are shown.

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[ 4 ]

Question 1(c)

(b)

A student suggested that the apparatus shown could be used to separate the mixture of alcohols.

Question image
[ 6 ]

Question 1(c)(i)

(i)

Apparatus X needs to have cold water flowing through it.
- Draw an arrow on the diagram to show where the cold water enters apparatus X.
- Name apparatus X.

[ 2 ]

Question 1(c)(ii)

(ii)

Part of the fractionating column is missing. This means that the experiment will not work.
- Draw on the diagram the part of the fractionating column which is missing.
- Explain why the experiment will not work with this part of the fractionating column missing.

[ 2 ]

Question 1(c)(iv)

(iii)

A hot water bath cannot be used to separate alcohols C and D.

Explain why.

[ 2 ]

Question 1

[Maximum number: 2]

Name the process used to:

Question 1(c)

(a)

separate an insoluble solid from a mixture of an insoluble solid and a solution

[ 1 ]

Question 1(f)

(b)

separate a mixture of several liquids with different boiling points

[ 1 ]

Question 1

Question 1(a)

(a)

State the name of the process that is used to

[ 3 ]

Question 1(a)(i)

(i)

separate oxygen from liquid air,

[ 1 ]

Question 1(a)(iv)

(ii)

obtain water from aqueous sodium chloride,

[ 1 ]

Question 1(a)(v)

(iii)

separate the precipitate formed when aqueous silver nitrate is added to aqueous sodium chloride.

[ 1 ]

Question 1

Question 1(a)

(a)

Give the name of the process that:

[ 1 ]

Question 1(a)(iii)

(i)

is used to separate a mixture of liquids with different boiling points

[ 1 ]

Question 1

[Maximum number: 2]

Give the name of the process that is used:

Question 1(b)

(a)

to separate nitrogen from liquid air

[ 1 ]

Question 1(d)

(b)

to separate an undissolved solid from an aqueous solution

[ 1 ]

Question 1

[Maximum number: 3]

Give the name of the process that is used:

Question 1(b)

(a)

to separate oxygen from liquid air

[ 1 ]

Question 1(d)

(b)

to separate water from aqueous sodium chloride

[ 1 ]

Question 1(g)

(c)

to separate an aqueous solution from an undissolved solid.

[ 1 ]

Question 1

[Maximum number: 4]

This question is about gases.

Question 1(c)

(a)

Air is a mixture. Nitrogen and oxygen are the two most common gases in air.

[ 4 ]

Question 1(c)(iii)

(i)

Describe the steps in the industrial process which enables nitrogen and oxygen to be separated from clean dry air.

Use scientific terms in your answer.

[ 3 ]

Question 1(c)(iv)

(ii)

Which physical property of nitrogen and oxygen allows them to be separated?

[ 1 ]

Question 2

[Maximum number: 1]

Which method should be used to separate a mixture of two liquids?

A

crystallisation

B

electrolysis

C

filtration

D

fractional distillation

Question 2

Impurities change the melting and boiling points of substances.
Sodium chloride is added to a sample of pure water.
How does the addition of sodium chloride affect the melting point and boiling point of the water?

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