1. States of matter

1.1 Solids, liquids and gases

1.2 Diffusion

2. Atoms, elements and compounds

2.1 Elements, compounds and mixtures

2.2 Atomic structure and the Periodic Table

2.3 Isotopes

2.4 Ions and ionic bonds

2.5 Simple molecules and covalent bonds

2.6 Giant covalent structures

2.7 Metallic bonding

3. Stoichiometry

3.1 Formulae

3.2 Relative masses of atoms and molecules

3.3 The mole and the Avogadro constant

4. Electrochemistry

4.1 Electrolysis

4.2 Hydrogen–oxygen fuel cells

5. Chemical energetics

5.1 Exothermic and endothermic reactions

6. Chemical reactions

6.1 Physical and chemical changes

6.2 Rate of reaction

6.3 Reversible reactions and equilibrium

6.4 Redox

7. Acids, bases and salts

7.1 The characteristic properties of acids and bases

7.2 Oxides

7.3 Preparation of salts

8. The Periodic Table

8.1 Arrangement of elements

8.2 Group I properties

8.3 Group VII properties

8.4 Transition elements

8.5 Noble gases

9. Metals

9.1 Properties of metals

9.2 Uses of metals

9.3 Alloys and their properties

9.4 Reactivity series

9.5 Corrosion of metals

9.6 Extraction of metals

10. Chemistry of the environment

10.1 Water

10.2 Fertilisers

10.3 Air quality and climate

11. Organic chemistry

11.1 Formulae, functional groups and terminology

11.2 Naming organic compounds

11.3 Fuels

11.4 Alkanes

11.5 Alkenes

11.6 Alcohols

11.7 Carboxylic acids

11.8 Polymers

12. Experimental techniques and chemical analysis

12.1 Experimental design

12.2 Acid–base titrations

12.3 Chromatography

12.4 Separation and purification

12.5 Identification of ions and gases

IGCSE Chemistry 11.3 Fuels Question Bank

(a)

Petroleum can be separated into useful substances using the apparatus shown.

[ 5 ]

(i)

Name the fraction which is the most viscous.

[ 1 ]

(ii)

Name the fraction with the smallest molecules.

[ 1 ]

(iii)

Name the fraction which has the weakest attractive forces between molecules.

[ 1 ]

(iv)

Fraction X is used as jet fuel.

Name fraction X.

[ 1 ]

(v)

What happens at point Y on the diagram?

[ 1 ]

(a)

State one gas which:

[ 1 ]

(i)

is the main constituent of natural gas

[ 1 ]

[Maximum number: 9]

Petroleum is a useful natural resource.

The diagram shows how petroleum can be separated into useful substances.

(a)

What is the name of the separation process shown in the diagram?

[ 2 ]

(b)

Name the fraction leaving at:

A

B

[ 2 ]

(c)

Refinery gas is a mixture of hydrocarbons.

One refinery gas is butane, $\mathrm{C}_{4} \mathrm{H}_{10}$ .

[ 2 ]

(i)

Suggest the names of two other refinery gases. and

[ 2 ]

(d)

Gasoline and kerosene are both fuels. They have different properties.

[ 3 ]

(i)

Describe the differences in the properties given. viscosity of the fuel flammability of the fuel

[ 2 ]

(ii)

What difference in the molecules of gasoline and kerosene causes these differences in properties?

[ 1 ]

[Maximum number: 1]

The names of eight substances are given.

Answer the following questions about these substances.
Each substance may be used once, more than once or not at all.
State which substance is:

(a)

the main constituent of natural gas

[ 1 ]

[Maximum number: 1]

Give the name of the process that is used:

(a)

to separate the components of petroleum

[ 1 ]

[Maximum number: 2]

This question is about gases.

(a)

The following substances are gases at room temperature.

Identify, by letter:

[ 2 ]

(i)

two gases which are found in refinery gas. [2]

[ 2 ]

[Maximum number: 1]

The following formulae represent different substances.
A
Ag
$\mathrm{CaCO}_{3}$ $\mathrm{CH}_{4}$ $\mathrm{Cl}_{2}$
Cu
$\mathrm{SO}_{2}$

Answer the following questions using only these substances.
Each substance may be used once, more than once or not at all.
State which substance is:

(a)

the main constituent of natural gas

[ 1 ]

Some properties of four fuels are shown in the table.
Which fuel is a gas at room temperature and makes two products when it burns in a plentiful supply of air?

[Maximum number: 1]

Heat energy is produced when hydrocarbons burn in air.
Which equations represent this statement?

1 \mathrm{C}_{2} \mathrm{H}_{5} \mathrm{OH}+3 \mathrm{O}_{2} \rightarrow 2 \mathrm{CO}_{2}+3 \mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{O}

$2 \mathrm{C}_{2} \mathrm{H}_{4}+3 \mathrm{O}_{2} \rightarrow 2 \mathrm{CO}_{2}+2 \mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{O}$

3 \mathrm{CH}_{4}+2 \mathrm{O}_{2} \rightarrow \mathrm{CO}_{2}+2 \mathrm{H}_{2} \mathrm{O}

1, 2 and 3

1 and 2 only

1 and 3 only

2 and 3 only

[Maximum number: 1]

Some properties of four fuels are shown.
Which fuel is a gas at room temperature and makes two products when it burns in a plentiful supply of air?

fuel

formula

melting point
$1{ }^{\circ} \mathrm{C}$

boiling point
$1{ }^{\circ} \mathrm{C}$

hydrogen

$\mathrm{H}_{2}$

-259

-253

methane

$\mathrm{CH}_{4}$

-182

-164

octane

$\mathrm{C}_{8} \mathrm{H}_{18}$

-57

126

wax

$\mathrm{C}_{31} \mathrm{H}_{64}$

400

0 selected

Question 1

Question 1(b)

Question 1(b)(i)

Question 1(b)(ii)

Question 1(b)(iii)

Question 1(b)(iv)

Question 1(b)(v)

Question 1

Question 1(a)

Question 1(a)(i)

Question 1

Question 1(a)

Question 1(b)

Question 1(c)

Question 1(c)(i)

Question 1(d)

Question 1(d)(i)

Question 1(d)(ii)

Question 1

Question 1(a)

Question 1

Question 1(d)

Question 1

Question 1(a)

Question 1(a)(vi)

Question 1

Question 1(c)

Question 11

Question 11

Question 12