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IGCSE Biology4.1 Biological moleculesQuestion Bank

4.1 Biological molecules

Question 1

[Maximum number: 2]

Fig. 1.1 and Fig. 1.2 show two images of villi.
Fig. 1.1 shows a surface view of many villi viewed through a scanning electron microscope.
Fig. 1.2 shows a section of one villus viewed through a light microscope.

Fig. 1.1

Fig. 1.1

Fig. 1.2

Fig. 1.2

Villi are found in the small intestine.

Question 1(d)

Question 1(d)(iii)

(a)
(i)

Amino acids are an example of a type of nutrient transported in the blood.

State two examples of larger molecules found in cells that are made from amino acids.
1
2

[ 2 ]

Question 1

[Maximum number: 1]

Two functions of the alimentary canal are mechanical digestion and chemical digestion.

Question 1(c)

(a)

Substances that are absorbed from the alimentary canal may enter cells and become part of the cells.

[ 1 ]

Question 1(c)(i)

(i)

State the storage carbohydrate made from glucose in liver cells.

[ 1 ]

Question 1

Question 1(a)

Question 1(a)(i)

(a)
(i)

The main component of milk is a liquid that is an important solvent in the body.
State the name of this solvent.

[ 1 ]

Question 1

[Maximum number: 2]

Enzymes are catalysts.

Question 1(a)

Question 1(a)(ii)

(a)
(i)

Enzymes are proteins.

State the names of the chemical elements found in all proteins.

[ 2 ]

Question 1

[Maximum number: 1]

Enzymes are used in genetic engineering.

Question 1(b)

(a)

The process of genetic engineering often starts with the steps shown in Fig. 1.1.

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Fig. 1.1

Fig. 1.1

[ 1 ]

Question 1(b)(i)

(i)

State the sequence of bases on the lower strand of the DNA molecule in step 1.

Table
[ 1 ]

Question 6

[Maximum number: 1]

Which diagram shows the structure of DNA?

A
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B
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C
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D
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Question 6

[Maximum number: 1]

The bases on one of the strands of a DNA molecule have the sequence shown.

A-A-T-C-T-G

What is the corresponding sequence of bases on the other strand?

A

A-A-T-C-T-G

B

C-C-G-A-G-T

C

G-G-C-T-C-A

D

T-T-A-G-A-C

Question 7

[Maximum number: 1]

The diagram shows the sticky end of the DNA of a plasmid that has been cut by a restriction enzyme. The unpaired bases are labelled.

Question image

What is the correct sequence of the missing bases?

A

CAGTG

B

GTGAC

C

GTCAC

D

CACTG

Question 7

[Maximum number: 1]

The diagram shows a length of DNA.

Question image

What is the sequence of bases in the unlabelled strand of DNA, starting from the top of the diagram?

A

CGTACA

B

TACGTG

C

GCTAGA

D

ATGCAC

Question 7

[Maximum number: 1]

What are the smaller basic units of starch and glycogen molecules?

starch

glycogen

amino acids

fatty acids and glycerol

amino acids

glucose

glucose

fatty acids and glycerol

glucose

glucose

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