EduNinjaFig. 1.1 shows several villi from the ileum, which is part of the small intestine.
Complete Table 1.1 by identifying the level of organisation of each structure.
Choose your answers from the list. Each word or phrase may be used once, more than once or not at all.
cell cell structure organ organ system organism tissue
Table 1.1
The diagram shows some liver cells as they appear under a microscope.
How many cell walls can be seen?
0
2
5
10
Fungal cells and plant cells contain mitochondria.
State the function of mitochondria.
Red blood cells are specialised cells that transport oxygen.
State the substance in red blood cells that combines with oxygen.
Fig. 1.1 is a diagram of part of a cross-section of a leaf.
Fig. 1.1
Explain why a leaf is considered to be an organ.
Fig. 1.2 is a diagram of a cell from the human nervous system.
Fig. 1.2
On Fig. 1.2, label two visible cell structures.
Explain how the cell in Fig. 1.2 is adapted for transmitting impulses.
Fig. 1.1 shows a spongy mesophyll cell from the leaf of a plant. The arrows show the net direction of movement of carbon dioxide molecules during daylight.
Fig. 1.1
Table 1.1 shows:
- the functions of some of the structures in plant cells
- some of the names of the structures where these functions occur
- some of the letters that label these structures in Fig. 1.1.
Complete Table 1.1.
Table 1.1
A researcher used a light microscope to observe epithelial cells from a human cheek.
Fig. 1.1 is a photograph that the researcher made of these cells.
Fig. 1.1
Name the parts labelled A and B.
A
B
The cells in Fig. 1.1 each have a cell membrane.
State one of the functions of a cell membrane.
State how the shape of the cells shown in Fig. 1.1 differs from the shape of a palisade mesophyll cell in a leaf.
Fig. 1.2 shows an electron micrograph of a mitochondrion.
Fig. 1.2
Mitochondria have two membranes, an inner membrane and an outer membrane. The inner membrane is folded and used in respiration.
Suggest why the inner membrane of mitochondria is folded.
Table 1.1 shows different specialised cells and the average number of mitochondria each cell contains.
Table 1.1
Explain the differences between the average numbers of mitochondria in the cells shown in Table 1.1.
The lungs and the kidneys are part of the excretory system of mammals.
The filtrate which is formed from the blood in the kidneys contains many useful substances, which are reabsorbed into the blood.
Fig. 1.1 is a photomicrograph of a cross-section of some of the cells that carry out reabsorption.
Fig. 1.1
Complete the table by stating the letter in Fig. 1.1 that identifies each structure.
State one function of the nucleus.
State the name of one part of the mammalian body other than the kidney that has cells with microvilli.
The cells that line the kidney tubules, such as those in Fig. 1.1, absorb many compounds from the filtrate.
Use Fig. 1.1 to explain how the cells are adapted for absorption.
Red pandas, Ailurus fulgens, and humans have a similar arrangement of teeth.
Fig. 1.1 shows a section through one tooth of a red panda. Fig. 1.2 shows the side view of the lower jaw of a red panda.
Fig. 1.1
Fig. 1.2
State the names of the structures labelled A to F in Fig. 1.1 and Fig. 1.2.
A
B
C
D
E
F