IB ESS 8.3.9 (HL) Smog intensification factors
IB ESS 8.3.9 (HL) Smog intensification factors

IB Environmental Systems and Societies syllabusESS SL/HLFirst assessment 2026
Practise explaining how local weather, topography and emissions intensify photochemical smog and raise ozone concentrations in urban areas.
How this is tested
- outline how low wind, strong insolation or temperature inversion increases smog severity
- explain why valleys, mountains or high-rise buildings trap ozone and other pollutants
- link dense traffic or fossil fuel use to higher primary pollutants for photochemical smog
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