7. Assessed scientific skills
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7.1 Handling information and problem-solving
7.1.1Locate, select, organise and present information
• Locate, select, organise and present information from a variety of sources.
7.1.2Translate information between forms
• Translate information between verbal, symbolic, graphical and numerical forms.
7.1.3Manipulate numerical and other data
• Manipulate numerical and other data accurately.
7.1.4Identify patterns, trends and conclusions
• Use information to identify patterns, report trends and form conclusions.
7.1.5Explain phenomena and relationships
• Present reasoned explanations for phenomena, patterns and relationships.
7.1.6Make evidence-based predictions
• Make predictions based on relationships and patterns.
7.1.7Solve qualitative and quantitative problems
• Solve problems, including problems of a quantitative nature and unfamiliar applications of syllabus principles.
7.2 Experimental skills and investigations
7.2.1Select and safely use techniques and apparatus
• Demonstrate knowledge of how to select and safely use techniques, apparatus and materials, including following a sequence of instructions where appropriate.
7.2.2Plan experiments and investigations
• Plan experiments and investigations with suitable variables, methods, apparatus and safety controls.
7.2.3Record observations and measurements
• Make and record observations, measurements and estimates with appropriate precision and units.
7.2.4Interpret and evaluate experimental data
• Interpret and evaluate experimental observations and data, including patterns, anomalies and limitations.
7.2.5Evaluate and improve methods
• Evaluate experimental methods and suggest possible improvements.
7.3 Mathematical and data-presentation skills
7.3.1Numerical and algebraic calculations
• Use arithmetic, decimals, fractions, percentages, ratios, reciprocals, comparisons and standard form; round final answers appropriately; estimate; use indices, consistent units, formulas, direct and inverse proportion, mathematical models and Δ for changes in variables.
7.3.2Geometry, measurement and unit conversion
• Use geometry, circumference, areas, volumes, scale diagrams, Pythagoras’ theorem, angles, mathematical instruments, compass directions and metric unit conversions in physical contexts.
7.3.3Graphs, charts and statistics
• Draw and interpret graphs and charts; interpolate and extrapolate; determine gradients and intercepts; select scales and axes; use y = mx + c, recognise direct proportionality and calculate means.
7.3.4Record readings and tabulated data
• Read instruments to half a smallest division where appropriate; record precision, units, repeated readings and significant figures correctly; use quantity/unit table headings and express ratios as x : y.
7.3.5Plot and analyse physical data
• Plot variables on labelled axes with sensible scales; mark points accurately; draw and interpret best-fit lines or curves, anomalies, intercepts and gradients using suitably large triangles.
7.3.6Extended trigonometry and curve gradients
• Use sine, cosine, tangent and inverse trigonometric functions, and determine the gradient of a curve by drawing a tangent.