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  1. 2.1 Biological approach

    1. 2.1.1Animal models

      • Explain the use of animal research in studying human behaviour. • Consider ethical issues when animals are used in psychological research.

    2. 2.1.2Biological reductionism

      • Explain strengths and limitations of reducing behaviour to biological factors.

    3. 2.1.3Brain imaging

      • Explain the use of one or more brain imaging techniques to investigate human behaviour.

    4. 2.1.4Chemical messengers

      • Explain the role of one or more chemical messengers in human behaviour.

    5. 2.1.5Diathesis-stress

      • Explain how environmental factors and genetics interact in human behaviour.

    6. 2.1.6Genetic inheritance

      • Explain the extent to which human behaviour may be inherited.

    7. 2.1.7Localization of function

      • Explain the role of localization of function in behaviour and cognition.

    8. 2.1.8Neuroplasticity

      • Explain neuroplasticity and its role in human behaviour.

    9. 2.1.9Neurotransmission

      • Explain neurotransmission and its influence on human behaviour.

  2. 2.2 Cognitive approach

    1. 2.2.1Anchoring bias

      • Explain the role of anchoring bias in decision-making.

    2. 2.2.2Classical conditioning

      • Explain classical conditioning and its role in behaviour.

    3. 2.2.3Cognitive load theory

      • Explain cognitive load theory in relation to human cognition.

    4. 2.2.4Cognitive models

      • Explain the role of one or more cognitive models in a cognitive process or behaviour.

    5. 2.2.5Confirmation bias

      • Explain the role of confirmation bias in decision-making.

    6. 2.2.6Dual processing theory

      • Explain dual processing theory in understanding decision-making.

    7. 2.2.7Operant conditioning

      • Explain operant conditioning and its role in behaviour.

    8. 2.2.8Schema theory

      • Explain schema theory in understanding a cognitive process.

  3. 2.3 Sociocultural approach

    1. 2.3.1Cognitive dissonance

      • Explain cognitive dissonance in understanding human behaviour.

    2. 2.3.2Compliance techniques

      • Explain one or more compliance techniques used to change behaviour.

    3. 2.3.3Conformity

      • Explain conformity and its role in human behaviour.

    4. 2.3.4Cultural dimensions

      • Explain one or more cultural dimensions in cross-cultural similarities and differences.

    5. 2.3.5Emic approach

      • Explain the use of emic approaches in researching human behaviour.

    6. 2.3.6Enculturation

      • Explain the role of enculturation in one or more behaviours.

    7. 2.3.7Etic approach

      • Explain the use of etic approaches in researching human behaviour.

    8. 2.3.8Acculturation models

      • Apply one or more acculturation models to immigrants, refugees or extended stays in another culture.

    9. 2.3.9Social identity theory

      • Apply social identity theory to explain and change behaviour.

    10. 2.3.10Social learning theory

      • Apply social learning theory to explain and change behaviour.

  4. 2.4 Research methodology

    1. 2.4.5Credibility

      • Explain strategies for ensuring credibility in psychological research.

    2. 2.4.6Research methods

      • Differentiate experiments, observations, surveys, interviews, correlational studies and case studies. • Select suitable methods for psychological questions and evaluate advantages, disadvantages, ethics and external variables.

    3. 2.4.7Sampling techniques

      • Explain advantages and disadvantages of self-selected, opportunity, stratified, random and snowball sampling.