Learning objective
3.1.1—Organization
• Periods, groups, blocks • Metals, metalloids, non-metals • Recognize s, p, d, and f blocks
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Course review
3.1 The periodic table
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Learning objective
3.1.2—Electron configuration and position
• Period number = outer energy level • Group = number of valence electrons • Electron configuration ↔ position (up to Z=36) • Deduce element position from electron configuration and vice versa
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Learning objective
3.1.3—Periodicity
• Trends: atomic radius, ionic radius, IE, electron affinity, electronegativity • Explain trends across periods and down groups
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Learning objective
3.1.4—Group trends
• Group 1: increasing metallic character • Group 17: decreasing non-metallic character • Reactions: Group 1 metals with water, Group 17 with halide ions • Describe and explain displacement reactions using periodic trends
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Learning objective
3.1.5—Metal/non-metal continuum
• Oxides: basic (metal) → amphoteric → acidic (non-metal) • Oxide reactions with water • Deduce equations for oxides of group 1, group 2, carbon, and sulfur with water
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Learning objective
3.1.6—Oxidation states
• Number of electrons transferred in bonding • Charge if compound were ionic • Deduce oxidation states in compounds and ions
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Learning objective
3.1.7 (HL)—IE discontinuities
• Evidence for energy sublevels • Explain discontinuities using energy sublevels and electron pairing
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Learning objective
3.1.8 (HL)—Transition element properties
• Incomplete d-sublevels • Variable oxidation states, high melting points, magnetic properties • Catalytic properties, colored compounds, complex ions with ligands • Recognize ligands and complex ions as characteristic transition element chemistry
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Learning objective
3.1.9 (HL)—Variable oxidation states
• Successive IE values close together • Deduce electron configurations of first-row transition element ions
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Learning objective
3.1.10 (HL)—Transition element colors
• Light absorption promotes electron between split d-orbitals • Complementary colors (use color wheel) • Use the color wheel to link absorbed and observed colors
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