What you’ll learn8 learning objectivesChoose one objective for a focused lesson, or study the complete topic.—B.3.1—Pressure• Pressure: P=F/A for force perpendicular to a surface.Syllabus objective—B.3.2—Amount of substance• Amount of substance: n=N/NA.Syllabus objective—B.3.3—Ideal gas model• Ideal gases are kinetic-theory models that approximate real gas behaviour.Syllabus objective—B.3.4—Empirical gas laws• Empirical gas laws combine to PV/T = constant.Syllabus objective—B.3.5—Ideal gas equations• Ideal gas equations: PV=NkBT and PV=nRT.Syllabus objective—B.3.6—Molecular pressure model• Pressure arises from molecular momentum changes in collisions with surfaces.• Average translational speed relation: P = 1/3 ρv^2.Syllabus objective—B.3.7—Ideal gas internal energy• Internal energy of ideal monatomic gas: U=3/2 NkBT = 3/2 nRT.Syllabus objective—B.3.8—Ideal gas approximation limits• State temperature, pressure and density conditions for ideal-gas approximation.Syllabus objective