What you’ll learn14 learning objectivesChoose one objective for a focused lesson, or study the complete topic.—A.3.1—Conservation of energy• Principle of the conservation of energy.Syllabus objective—A.3.2—Work as energy transfer• Work done by a force is equivalent to a transfer of energy.Syllabus objective—A.3.3—Sankey diagrams• Energy transfers can be represented on a Sankey diagram.Syllabus objective—A.3.4—Work by constant force• Work by constant force along displacement: W = Fs cos θ.Syllabus objective—A.3.5—Work-energy change• Work done by the resultant force on a system is equal to the change in the energy of the system.Syllabus objective—A.3.6—Mechanical energy• Mechanical energy includes kinetic, gravitational potential and elastic potential energy.Syllabus objective—A.3.7—Mechanical energy conservation• Mechanical energy is conserved when friction/resistive forces are absent.Syllabus objective—A.3.8—Mechanical energy transformations• If mechanical energy is conserved, work transforms energy between mechanical forms.• Relevant forms: translational kinetic, near-Earth gravitational potential and elastic potential.Syllabus objective—A.3.9—Kinetic energy• Translational kinetic energy: Ek = 1/2mv^2 = p^2/2m.Syllabus objective—A.3.10—Gravitational potential energy• Near Earth, gravitational potential energy change: ΔEp = mgΔh.Syllabus objective—A.3.11—Elastic potential energy• Elastic potential energy: EH = 1/2k(Δx)^2.Syllabus objective—A.3.12—Power• Power is rate of work or energy transfer: P=ΔW/Δt=Fv.Syllabus objective—A.3.13—Efficiency• Efficiency: η=Eoutput/Einput=Poutput/Pinput.Syllabus objective—A.3.14—Fuel energy density• Energy density of the fuel sources.Syllabus objective