What you’ll learn2 learning objectivesChoose one objective for a focused lesson, or study the complete topic.1.2.1Economic methodology• Positive economics uses logic, hypotheses, models, theories, ceteris paribus, empirical evidence, and refutation• Normative economics involves value judgments in policy making• Equity and equality are distinct ideas and may be interpreted differentlySyllabus objective1.2.2Economic thought• 18th century thought includes Adam Smith and laissez faire• 19th century thought includes classical microeconomics, utility, the margin, Say's law, and Marxist critique• 20th century thought includes the Keynesian revolution, macroeconomic policy, monetarism, and new classical counter-revolution• 21st century thought includes behavioural economics, interdisciplinarity, sustainability, interdependence, and circular economy ideasSyllabus objective