AP Macroeconomics 3.2: Multipliers
Calculate MPC, MPS, expenditure multipliers, and tax multipliers, then use them to estimate changes in aggregate demand and real GDP.
- Syllabus
- Effective Fall 2025
- Course
- AP Macroeconomics
Calculate MPC, MPS, expenditure multipliers, and tax multipliers, then use them to estimate changes in aggregate demand and real GDP.
The table provided shows the quantities and unit prices of shirts, bread, and pants, the only
three goods produced in the country of Middleland in 2021 and 2022. Assume that 2021 was the
base year.

Assume the marginal propensity to consume in Middleland is 0.8. Calculate the minimum
change and state the direction of change in government spending required to close the
output gap in the short run in Middleland. Show your work.
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Point 5: The minimum change in government spending is a decrease of $8.
Minimum change = Output gap / Spending multiplier = ($1,150 - $1,190) / (1 / (1 - 0.8)) = -$40 / 5 = -$8.