Edexcel A-Level Physics Alpha Scattering

Practise Edexcel A-Level Physics alpha scattering by linking gold-foil observations to empty space, concentrated mass and nuclear charge.

Exam points

link undeflected, slightly deflected and backscattered alpha particles to nuclear-atom conclusions
identify which conclusions Rutherford scattering evidence can and cannot support
explain experimental choices such as thin gold foil and alpha particles over beta or gamma radiation

[Maximum number: 6]

In the early 20th century, experiments were carried out in which alpha particles were directed towards thin gold foil.

A simplified diagram of the apparatus used is shown.

Figure for Question 4.5.112 - Alpha scattering and the nuclear atom question 1 — Edexcel A-Level Physics A2

State three observations and the corresponding conclusions made from the alpha particle scattering experiment.

Most alpha particles were undeviated

Or Most particles pass through with little or no deviation

Most of the atom is empty space

(MP2 with reference to lack of deviation)

Few alpha particles were scattered by small angles

There is a concentration of charge in the atom

(MP4 with reference to scattering)

Very few alpha particles were deviated by more than $90^{\circ}$

Most of the mass is concentrated in a small region of the atom

Or Most of the mass is concentrated in nucleus

(Accept Mass of nucleus much greater than mass of alpha particle)

(MP6 with reference to back scattering)

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4.5.112 - Alpha scattering and the nuclear atom question 1