3.3.3.5b - Barriers to entry and exit: • economies of scale • limit pricing • patents • branding •

Barriers to entry and exit:; economies of scale; limit pricing; patents; branding; sunk costs; legal.

Use b - barriers to entry and exit: • economies of scale • limit pricing • patents • branding • to connect the rule to the data and decision in the question.

This matters because b - barriers to entry and exit: • economies of scale • limit pricing • patents • branding • determines what can be inferred or chosen; begin with the stated conditions and keep the conclusion tied to the evidence.

Example: apply b - barriers to entry and exit: • economies of scale • limit pricing • patents • branding • to one small, clearly defined case, show the key step or comparison, and explain the result in words.

Boundary: b - Barriers to entry and exit: • economies of scale • limit pricing • patents • branding • is not a universal recommendation. Check the syllabus scope, assumptions, units and the limits of the evidence before generalising.