10.22—Infrared spectra, or data from infrared spectra, to deduce functional groups present in organic compounds, and predict

Be able to use infrared spectra, or data from infrared spectra, to deduce functional groups present in organic compounds, and predict infrared absorptions, given wavenumber data, due to familiar functional groups including: i C–H stretching absorptions in alkanes, alkenes and aldehydes ii C=C stretching absorption in alkenes iii O–H stretching absorptions in alcohols and carboxylic acids iv C=O stretching absorptions in aldehydes, ketones and carboxylic acids v C–X stretching absorption in halogenoalkanes vi N-H stretching absorption in amines.

Use —infrared spectra, or data from infrared spectra, to deduce functional groups present in organic compounds, and predict to connect the rule to the data and decision in the question.

This matters because —infrared spectra, or data from infrared spectra, to deduce functional groups present in organic compounds, and predict determines what can be inferred or chosen; begin with the stated conditions and keep the conclusion tied to the evidence.

Example: apply —infrared spectra, or data from infrared spectra, to deduce functional groups present in organic compounds, and predict to one small, clearly defined case, show the key step or comparison, and explain the result in words.

Boundary: —Infrared spectra, or data from infrared spectra, to deduce functional groups present in organic compounds, and predict is not a universal recommendation. Check the syllabus scope, assumptions, units and the limits of the evidence before generalising.