Structure 1. Models of the particulate nature of matter

1.1 Introduction to the particulate nature of matter

1.2 The nuclear atom

1.3 Electron configurations

1.4 The mole

1.5 Ideal gases

Structure 2. Models of bonding and structure

2.1 The ionic model

2.2 The covalent model

2.3 The metallic model

2.4 From models to materials

Structure 3. Classification of matter

3.1 The periodic table

3.2 Functional groups: Organic compounds

Reactivity 1. What drives chemical reactions?

1.1 Measuring enthalpy changes

1.2 Energy cycles

1.3 Energy from fuels

Reactivity 2. How much, how fast and how far?

2.1 Amount of chemical change

2.2 Rate of chemical change

2.3 Extent of chemical change

Reactivity 3. What are the mechanisms of chemical change?

3.1 Proton transfer reactions

3.2 Electron transfer reactions

3.3 Electron sharing reactions (Radicals)

3.4 Electron-pair sharing reactions

IB Chemistry HL 1.3 Electron configurations Question Bank

[Maximum number: 1]

Chlorine undergoes many reactions.

(a)

(i)

State the full electron configuration of the chlorine atom.

[ 1 ]

[Maximum number: 2]

Pasteurization is used to eliminate pathogenic bacteria. The concentration of vitamin C was monitored over a period of time in pasteurized and unpasteurized orange juice.

(a)

UV treatment is an alternative to pasteurization that minimizes loss of nutritional components.

[ 2 ]

(i)

Deduce the type of electromagnetic radiation absorbed in the absorption spectrum of vitamin C . Use section 3 of the data booklet.

[ 1 ]

(ii)

Deduce, giving a reason, the colour of vitamin C .

[ 1 ]

[Maximum number: 6]

Phosphorus is an element that is an essential part of the biological molecules involved in both respiration and photosynthesis.

(a)

(i)

Draw the orbital diagram of the phosphorus atom in the ground state by adding, filling and labelling the orbitals. Use section 7 of the data booklet.

2s

1s

[ 2 ]

(ii)

Sketch the shapes of two different orbital types in the second energy level and label each orbital.

[ 2 ]

(iii)

Determine the frequency of electromagnetic radiation, in $\mathrm{s}^{-1}$ , equivalent to the first ionization energy of phosphorus. Use sections 1, 2 and 9 of the data booklet.

[ 2 ]

[Maximum number: 1]

Two groups of students (Group A and Group B) carried out a project* on the chemistry of some group 7 elements (the halogens) and their compounds.

(a)

In this project the students explored several aspects of the chemistry of the halogens. In the original preparation of $\operatorname{ICl}(1)$ , they observed the yellow-green colour of chlorine gas, $\mathrm{Cl}_{2}(\mathrm{~g})$ , reacting with solid iodine, $\mathrm{I}_{2}(\mathrm{~s})$ .

[ 1 ]

(i)

State the full electron configuration of iodine ( Z=53 ).

[ 1 ]

[Maximum number: 3]

Iron(II) sulfide can be produced by heating powdered iron and sulfur together.

(a)

Calculate the wavelength, in m , for the limit of convergence observed in the line spectrum of iron. Use sections 1, 2 and 9 of the data booklet.

[ 3 ]

[Maximum number: 4]

Modern analytical techniques are used widely for different purposes in everyday life.

(a)

Two types of spectroscopy are absorption and emission. Distinguish between each type of spectra, including how each is produced.

Absorption spectra:

Emission spectra:

[ 4 ]

[Maximum number: 1]

Electromagnetic waves can transfer energy and carry information.

(a)

State the relationship between the energy of a wave and its wavelength.

[ 1 ]

[Maximum number: 2]

There are many oxides of silver with the formula $\mathrm{Ag}_{x} \mathrm{O}_{y^{.}}$ All of them decompose into their elements when heated strongly.

(a)

Outline the model of electron configuration deduced from the hydrogen line emission spectrum (Bohr's model).

[ 2 ]

[Maximum number: 3]

Iron may be extracted from iron (II) sulfide, FeS.

(a)

Sketch the first eight successive ionisation energies of sulfur.

[ 2 ]

(b)

Iron (II) sulfide, FeS, is ionically bonded.

[ 1 ]

(i)

State the full electron configuration of the sulfide ion.

[ 1 ]

[Maximum number: 1]

Which orbital diagram represents a correct ground state electron configuration based on the Pauli exclusion principle and Hund's rule?

0 selected

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