4. Geometry
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C4.1 Geometrical terms
C4.1.1
• 3 Use and interpret the vocabulary of a circle. Simple solids: • cube • cuboid • prism • cylinder • pyramid • cone • sphere (term ‘hemisphere’ not required) • face • surface • edge. Includes the following terms: • centre • radius (plural radii) • diameter • circumference • semicircle • chord • tangent • arc • sector • segment.
C4.2 Geometrical constructions
• Measure and draw lines and angles using a ruler for every straight edge; perpendicular- and angle-bisector constructions are not required.
• Construct a triangle from the lengths of all three sides using only a ruler and compasses; construction arcs must be shown.
• Draw, use and interpret nets of cubes, cuboids, prisms and pyramids, including using measurements from nets to calculate volumes and surface areas.
C4.3 Scale drawings
• Draw and interpret scale drawings.
• Use and interpret three-figure bearings. A ruler must be used for all straight edges. Bearings are measured clockwise from north (000° to 360°). e.g. find the bearing of A from B if the bearing of B from A is 025°. Includes an understanding of the terms north, east, south and west. e.g. point D is due east of point C.
C4.4 Similarity
• Calculate lengths of similar shapes.
C4.5 Symmetry
• Recognise line symmetry and order of rotational symmetry in two dimensions. Includes properties of triangles, quadrilaterals and polygons directly related to their symmetries.
C4.6 Angles
• Calculate unknown angles and give simple explanations using angles at a point, angles on a straight line, vertically opposite angles, and angle sums of triangles and quadrilaterals.
• Calculate unknown angles and explain corresponding, alternate and co-interior angle relationships in parallel lines.
• Know and use interior and exterior angle properties and angle sums of regular polygons.
C4.7 Circle theorems
• Calculate unknown angles and give explanations using the following geometrical properties of circles: • angle in a semicircle = 90° • angle between tangent and radius = 90°. Candidates will be expected to use the geometrical properties listed in the syllabus when giving reasons for answers.