Course review
Review each learning objective in this topic, then open its concept explanation or question set.
Learning objective
• Low frequency radio to high frequency gamma • Infrared, visible light, ultraviolet (UV)
Start with the concept explanation, then practise to create mastery evidence.
Learning objective
• Shorter wavelengths, higher frequencies, more energy • UVA, UVB, UVC damage organisms
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Learning objective
• Absorbs UV radiation from Sun • Protects living organisms from harmful effects
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Learning objective
• Reduces photosynthesis in phytoplankton • DNA damage: mutations, cancer • Humans: sunburn, premature ageing, cataracts
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Learning objective
• Steady state between formation and destruction
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Learning objective
• Destroy ozone molecules • Augment natural breakdown • Not a cause of global warming
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Learning objective
• More UVB reaches Earth's surface • Polar "ozone holes" in spring
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Learning objective
• International treaty regulating CFCs and ODSs • Most successful international environmental cooperation
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Learning objective
• Prevented planetary boundary crossing
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Learning objective
• Release halogens (chlorine, fluorine) into stratosphere • Break down ozone
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Learning objective
• Occurs in spring • Chemical and atmospheric conditions • Polar stratospheric clouds, active surfaces
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Learning objective
• Replaced CFCs, less ozone depletion • Potent GHGs • Controlled by Kigali Amendment
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Learning objective
• Energy-intensive, contribute to GHG emissions • Contain ODSs • Alternatives: building design, greening cities
Start with the concept explanation, then practise to create mastery evidence.