What you’ll learn9 learning objectivesChoose one objective for a focused lesson, or study the complete topic.3.1.1Biodiversity levels• Total diversity of living systems• Habitat diversity, species diversity, genetic diversitySyllabus objective3.1.2Diversity and resilience• Components of diversity contribute to ecological system resilienceSyllabus objective3.1.3Biodiversity from evolution• Cumulative change in heritable characteristicsSyllabus objective3.1.4Natural selection• Mechanism driving evolutionary change• Operates continuously over billions of yearsSyllabus objective3.1.5Natural selection process• Variation, overproduction, competition for limited resources• Differences in adaptation affect survival and reproduction rates• Heritable variation → increased frequency of advantageous genesSyllabus objective3.1.6Speciation• Generation of new species through evolution• Population isolation → adaptation → inability to interbreedSyllabus objective3.1.7Species diversity components• Richness: number of species in community• Evenness: similarity of population sizesSyllabus objective3.1.8Simpson's reciprocal index• Quantitative measure of species diversity• Allows ecosystem comparison and monitoring change over timeSyllabus objective3.1.9Biodiversity knowledge for conservation• Knowledge of global and regional biodiversity is needed for the development of effective management strategies to conserve biodiversity• Include: how knowledge of biodiversity is gathered in the local region• This is likely to involve citizen science and the work of voluntary and government-funded agencies• The training of indigenous people and others, such as parabiologists, is also used to gather information for use in conservation managementSyllabus objective