12.6—The total entropy change of any reaction is the sum of the entropy change of the system and the entropy change of

Understand that the total entropy change of any reaction is the sum of the entropy change of the system and the entropy change of the surroundings, summarised by the expression: ∆Stotal = ∆Ssystem + ∆Ssurroundings.

Use —the total entropy change of any reaction is the sum of the entropy change of the system and the entropy change of to connect the rule to the data and decision in the question.

This matters because —the total entropy change of any reaction is the sum of the entropy change of the system and the entropy change of determines what can be inferred or chosen; begin with the stated conditions and keep the conclusion tied to the evidence.

Example: apply —the total entropy change of any reaction is the sum of the entropy change of the system and the entropy change of to one small, clearly defined case, show the key step or comparison, and explain the result in words.

Boundary: —The total entropy change of any reaction is the sum of the entropy change of the system and the entropy change of is not a universal recommendation. Check the syllabus scope, assumptions, units and the limits of the evidence before generalising.