12.15—Polarisation of anions by cations leads to some covalency in an ionic bond, based on evidence from the Born-Haber cycle

Understand that polarisation of anions by cations leads to some covalency in an ionic bond, based on evidence from the Born-Haber cycle.

Use —polarisation of anions by cations leads to some covalency in an ionic bond, based on evidence from the born-haber cycle to connect the rule to the data and decision in the question.

This matters because —polarisation of anions by cations leads to some covalency in an ionic bond, based on evidence from the born-haber cycle determines what can be inferred or chosen; begin with the stated conditions and keep the conclusion tied to the evidence.

Example: apply —polarisation of anions by cations leads to some covalency in an ionic bond, based on evidence from the born-haber cycle to one small, clearly defined case, show the key step or comparison, and explain the result in words.

Boundary: —Polarisation of anions by cations leads to some covalency in an ionic bond, based on evidence from the Born-Haber cycle is not a universal recommendation. Check the syllabus scope, assumptions, units and the limits of the evidence before generalising.