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Unit 4: Global Business

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  1. 4.3.1 - Globalisation

    1. Compare developed, developing and emerging economies.

    2. Explain the growing economic power of countries in Asia, Africa and other regions.

    3. Analyse implications of economic growth for individuals and businesses, including trade opportunities and employment patterns.

    4. Use GDP, GDP per capita and HDI as growth indicators.

    5. Explain exports and imports.

    6. Analyse implications of increasing specialisation by countries and businesses.

    7. Explain foreign direct investment and its link to business growth.

    8. Explain trade liberalisation, reduced trade barriers and the role of the WTO.

    9. Explain political change as a contributor to globalisation.

    10. Explain reduced transport and communication costs as contributors to globalisation.

    11. Explain the increased significance of global multinational corporations.

    12. Explain increased FDI flows as a contributor to globalisation.

    13. Explain migration within and between economies as a contributor to globalisation.

    14. Explain growth of the global labour force.

    15. Explain structural change as a contributor to globalisation.

    16. Analyse the impact of increased globalisation on businesses.

    17. Explain reasons for protectionism.

    18. Explain tariffs as a protectionist measure.

    19. Explain import quotas as a protectionist measure.

    20. Explain government legislation and domestic subsidies as trade barriers.

    21. Analyse the impact of protectionism on businesses.

    22. Explain expansion of trading blocs, including the EU single market, ASEAN and NAFTA.

    23. Analyse the impact of trading blocs on businesses.

  2. 4.3.2 - Global markets and business expansion

    1. Explain push factors such as saturated markets and competition.

    2. Explain pull factors such as increased sales, profitability, risk spreading and economies of scale.

    3. Analyse cost competitiveness from offshoring and outsourcing.

    4. Explain extending the product life cycle through international trade.

    5. Assess market attractiveness using disposable income, ease of doing business, infrastructure, political stability and exchange rates.

    6. Apply Porter five forces to assessing potential markets.

    7. Assess production locations using production costs, labour skills and availability, infrastructure, trade bloc location, incentives, ease of doing business, political stability, natural resources and likely return on investment.

    8. Explain risk spreading and economies of scale as reasons for global mergers, takeovers or joint ventures.

    9. Explain entering new markets or trade blocs as a reason for global expansion deals.

    10. Explain acquiring national or international brand names and patents.

    11. Explain securing resources and supplies.

    12. Explain maintaining or increasing global competitiveness.

    13. Explain reducing competition.

    14. Explain making use of local knowledge.

    15. Explain government or legal requirements.

    16. Explain accessing supply chains and distribution networks.

    17. Explain sharing costs and risks.

    18. Analyse the impact of exchange rate movements on businesses.

    19. Analyse skill shortages and their impact on international competitiveness.

  3. 4.3.3 - Global marketing

    1. Explain global marketing strategy and global localisation.

    2. Compare domestic or ethnocentric, mixed or geocentric, and international or polycentric approaches.

    3. Apply and adapt the marketing mix to global markets.

    4. Apply Ansoff Matrix and Porter Matrix to global marketing decisions.

    5. Recognise that groups around the world have different interests and values.

    6. Explain features of global niche markets.

    7. Apply and adapt the marketing mix to suit global niches.

    8. Analyse cultural differences, tastes and preferences, language issues, unintended meanings, inappropriate branding and inappropriate promotion.

  4. 4.3.4 - Global industries and companies

    1. 4.3.4.1aMNC impact on local economy

      Analyse MNC impacts on local labour, wages, working conditions, job creation, local businesses, local communities and the environment.

    2. 4.3.4.1bMNC impact on national economy

      Analyse MNC impacts on economic growth, FDI flows, balance of payments, technology transfer, skills transfer, consumers, business culture and tax revenues.

    3. 4.3.4.2aStakeholder conflicts

      Analyse stakeholder conflicts in international business ethics.

    4. 4.3.4.2bEnvironmental considerations

      Evaluate emissions, waste disposal and sustainability.

    5. 4.3.4.2cSupply chain considerations

      Evaluate pay, working conditions, labour exploitation and child labour.

    6. 4.3.4.2dMarketing considerations

      Evaluate misleading product labelling and inappropriate marketing activities.

    7. 4.3.4.3aControlling MNCs

      Evaluate control of MNCs through MNC power, political influence, legal control, consumer pressure, pressure groups, social media and self-regulation.