Question bank
Practice A-Level CAIE Physics 3 3 Linear Momentum And Its Conservation questions by syllabus topic with past-paper context, marks, difficulty and question previews on Eduninja.
Question 2
A ball is thrown vertically down towards the ground with an initial velocity of \(4.23 \mathrm{~ms}^{-1}\). The ball falls for a time of 1.51 s before hitting the ground. Air resistance is negligible.
Question 2(c)
State and explain whether the collision the ball makes with the ground is elastic or inelastic.
either kinetic energy of the ball is not conserved on impact or speed before impact is not equal to speed after hence inelastic
Question 2
A ball on horizontal ground is kicked towards a vertical wall. Fig. 2.1 shows the path of the ball. The ball has an initial velocity u at an angle of \(38^{\circ}\) to the ground. The ball travels a horizontal distance of 9.0 m before striking the wall at a height h above the ground. The horizontal component \(u_{\mathrm{H}}\) of the initial velocity of the ball is \(9.5 \mathrm{~ms}^{-1}\). Air resistance is negligible.
Question 2(b)
The speed of the ball just after striking the wall is less than its speed just before striking the wall. State what this indicates about the nature of the collision of the ball with the wall.
(collision is) inelastic B1
Question 7
Two satellites in deep space collide inelastically. What happens to the total kinetic energy and total momentum?
C
Question 7
What is the principle of conservation of momentum? Force is equal to the rate of change of momentum. Momentum is the product of mass and velocity. The total momentum of a system remains constant provided no external force acts on it. The total momentum of two bodies after collision is equal to their total momentum before collision.
C
Question 7
Two train carriages each of mass 5000 kg roll toward one another on a level track. One is travelling at \(2.00 \mathrm{~m} \mathrm{~s}^{-1}\) and the other at \(1.00 \mathrm{~ms}^{-1}\), as shown. They collide and join together. What is the kinetic energy lost during the collision? 1250J 7500J 11250J 12500J
C
Question 3
Question 3(b)
The spring in (a) is used to join together two frictionless trolleys A and B of mass \(M_{1}\) and \(M_{2}\) respectively, as shown in Fig. 3.2. The trolleys rest on a horizontal surface and are held apart so that the spring is extended. The trolleys are then released.
Question 3(b)(i)
Explain why, as the extension of the spring is reduced, the momentum of trolley A is equal in magnitude but opposite in direction to the momentum of trolley B .
so sum of momenta (of trolleys) after release is zero ................... A1 or force = rate of change of momentum (M1) force on trolleys equal and opposite (A1) or impulse = change in momentum (M1) impulse on each equal and opposite (A1) [2]
Question 3(b)(ii)
At the instant when the extension of the spring is zero, trolley A has speed \(V_{1}\) and trolley B has speed \(V_{2}\). Write down 1. an equation, based on momentum, to relate \(V_{1}\) and \(V_{2}\), 2. an equation to relate the initial energy E stored in the spring to the final energies of the trolleys.
\(2 \underline{E}=1 / 2 M_{1} V_{1}^{2}+1 / 2 M_{2} V_{2}^{2} \ldots \ldots \ldots \ldots \ldots \ldots \ldots \ldots \ldots \ldots \ldots \ldots \ldots \ldots \ldots \ldots \ldots \ldots\). B1 [1]
Question 3(b)(iii)
1. Show that the kinetic energy \(E_{\mathrm{K}}\) of an object of mass m is related to its momentum p by the expression 2. Trolley A has a larger mass than trolley B. Use your answer in (ii) part 1 to deduce which trolley, A or B, has the larger kinetic energy at the instant when the extension of the spring is zero.
\(1 E_{\mathrm{K}}=1 / 2 m v^{2}\) and p=m v combined to give \(\ldots \ldots \ldots \ldots \ldots \ldots \ldots \ldots \ldots \ldots \ldots . \quad\) M1 2 m smaller, \(E_{\mathrm{K}}\) is larger because p is the same/constant \(\ldots \ldots \ldots \ldots \ldots \ldots . . \quad\) M1 so trolley B A0
Question 8
A stationary firework explodes into three pieces moving in the same plane. The masses and the velocities of the three pieces immediately after the explosion are shown. What are speeds \(v_{1}\) and \(v_{2}\) ?
B
Question 8
Two balls P and Q , of equal mass, move along a straight line directly towards each other as shown. Ball P has velocity \(1.30 \mathrm{~m} \mathrm{~s}^{-1}\) to the right. Ball Q has velocity \(0.50 \mathrm{~ms}^{-1}\) to the left. P and Q collide with one another. The collision is perfectly elastic and the total momentum is conserved. Which diagram correctly shows the motion of P and Q after the collision? A B C D
D
Question 9
A particle of mass 2 m and velocity v strikes a wall. The particle rebounds along the same path after colliding with the wall. The collision is inelastic. What is a possible change in the momentum of the ball during the collision? m v 2 m v 3 m v 4 m v
C
Question 9
A body falling in a uniform gravitational field encounters air resistance. The air resistance increases until terminal velocity is reached. Which factor does not affect its terminal velocity? the density of the air the height from which the body falls the mass of the body the shape of the body
B