Course review

4.3 Arguments for and against trade control/protection

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Learning objective

4.3.1—Arguments for trade protection

New

• Arguments include infant industries, national security, health and safety, environmental standards, anti-dumping, and unfair competition • Further arguments include balance of payments correction, government revenue, job protection, and ELDC diversification

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Learning objective

4.3.2—Arguments against trade protection

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• Arguments include misallocation of resources, retaliation, increased costs, higher prices, and less choice • Trade protection can reduce efficiency incentives and export competitiveness

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Learning objective

4.3.3—Free trade versus protection

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• Free trade and protection should be evaluated using efficiency, equity, stakeholders, and long-run effects • Policy judgments depend on context and objectives

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