3.15.D—Justify a claim about the population(s) based on the results of a chi-square test for homogeneity or independence

Justify a claim about the population(s) based on the results of a chi-square test for homogeneity or independence.

• A formal decision in a hypothesis test explicitly compares the p-value to the significance level, . If the p-value , then reject the null hypothesis for the appropriate chi-square test. If the p-value , then fail to reject the null hypothesis.
• The results of a chi-square test for homogeneity or independence can serve as the statistical reasoning to support the answer to an investigative question about the population that was sampled (independence) or the populations that were sampled (homogeneity).
• A conclusion for a chi-square test for homogeneity or independence is stated in context consistent with, and in terms of, the alternative hypothesis using non-definitive language. The conclusion should contain a reference to the population(s).